Ap chemistry 2017 freeresponse questions ap central. Freezing point depression and boiling point elevation molality osmotic pressure. Osmosis and osmotic pressure of the solution 1 osmosis. It provides a good overview of the topics we will be covering in our class. Ap chemistry builds students understanding of the nature and reactivity of matter. The ka expression is set up with products over reactants hydrogen carbonate ion hydrogen ioncarbonic acid.
The exam format is now different from the previous years, with 60 multiple choice questions now with only four answer choices per question, 3 long free response questions, and 4 short free response questions. Osmotic pressure is the pressure that stops the process of osmosis. Is it possible to self study for the ap chemistry and ap. Apr 19, 2016 as long as the college board refuse to acknowledge the importance of a lab exam, you can expect the continued reliance on the testing of lab situations on the ap chemistry exam via the inferior pencil and paper method that the multiplechoice and freeresponse questions offer. Ap biology ap calculus abbc ap computer science ap english language ap english literature ap environmental science ap european history ap physics b and c ap psychology ap spanish language ap statistics ap u. Osmotic pressure is the equilibrium hydrostatic pressure of the column set up as a result of osmosis. Osmosis may be divided in following types,i exoosmosis. Here youll find an expansive library of guides designed to refine your conceptual knowledge and ability to solve ap problems. Answer the following questions that relate to the chemistry of nitrogen. Osmolarity and osmotic pressure chemistry stack exchange. Isotonic solutions are two solutions with equal osmotic pressure, so no osmosis occurs. Our ap chemistry course include those topics regularly covered in a typical general chemistry college course, and differ from the usual first high school course in chemistry in respect to the kind of textbooks used, the range and depth of topics covered, the emphasis on chemical calculations and the mathematical formulation of principles, the. Ap chemistrysolutions wikibooks, open books for an open.
Ill be using zumdahls chemistry, and ill work to finish it by the end of march. He currently teaches chemistry at beverly hills high school, beverly hills, california. Ap chemistry 2005 freeresponse questions the college board. Calcium carbonate is a base since its the salt of a strong base naoh and a weak acid carbonic acid. Theres so much packed into the curriculum that id recommend buying a book so you have something to ground yourself as youre looking back through the material. The apparatus used for the purpose is often referred to as osmometer. Each has attended several ap readings, some as table leaders, questions leaders, or chief readers. Significant figures on the ap chemistry exam adrian. These chemistry lecture notes can be used as a chemistry study guide, since all major chemistry topics are covered. Review books can be very helpful for ap chemistry because theyre wellorganized catalogs of all the different concepts you will learn in the course. Connecting students to college success the college board is a notforprofit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. They work together to develop ap courses and exams, set scoring standards, and score the exams. The contributing authors are all experienced ap teachers and university professors with years of experience. Advanced placement chemistry ap chemistry or ap chem is a course and examination offered by the college board as a part of the advanced placement program to give american and canadian high school students the opportunity to demonstrate their abilities and earn collegelevel credit.
Physical chemistry 1616 osmosis and osmotic pressure. Questions 47 are short freeresponse questions that require about 9 minutes each to answer and are worth 4 points each. The typical intravenous feeding solution used in hospitals consists of 5% weightvolume dextrose, c6h1206. Ap chemistryconstants and equations wikibooks, open. Understanding osmotic and oncotic pressure ap biology. A hypotonic solution is the solution with the lower. Hello and welcome back to, and welcome back to biochemistry. Osmosis is the flow of a solvent into a solution through a semipermeable membrane. I plan to start self studying ap chemistry tomorrow.
The standard unit for pressure is the pascal, which is a newton per square meter. Ap chemistryconstants and equations wikibooks, open books. The only basic ph on the list is 8, making it the correct answer. However that does not mean you can use this packet as your main notes and write notes in the margins to supplement your learning. Teach yourself chemistry visually in 24 hours by dr. Study ap chem important equations flashcards at proprofs all important equations from chemistry the central science textbook by brown et al. Chemistry help, through chemistry notes for ap chemistry, high school chemistry, college chemistry and general chemistry courses, is provided. Although i took my high school classes for both the ap chemistry and ap physics b exams i did selfstudy for physics c, but compared to learning everything from the ground up, thats a piece of cake given solid knowledge of the relevant b materia. That s why this is our largest, most comprehensive ap subject ebook yet.
It is the minimum pressure that must be applied on the solution to prevent the entry of the solvent into the solution through the semipermeable membrane. Ap chemistrysolutions wikibooks, open books for an open world. Since here the flow of solvent is in the reverse direction to that observed in the usual osmosis, the process is called reverse osmosis. I am also selfstudying, but only because my ap chem class is really far behind. When you press new problem a solute formula appears in the first cell and two of the other cells will show values. At that point, the interstitial osmotic pressure becomes stronger than the capillarys hydrostatic pressure. Osmotic pressure can also be explained as the pressure necessary to nullify osmosis. Osmotic pressure is a colligative property of a substance since it depends on. There is no way you will get a 5 if you have only read the book. To ensure consistency of content with the current ap. Questions are long freeresponse questions that require about 23 minutes each to answer and are worth 10 points each. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Problems cement the information into your brain, so make sure you.
Calculate the molarity of such a dextrose solution, and its osmotic pressure at 37 degrees celsius. Feb 10, 2008 ap chemistry question involving osmotic pressures. Ap chemistry has the distinction of having the lowest known test participation rate, with 49. Determination of osmotic pressure the osmotic pressure of a given solution can be determined experimentally by the methods detailed below. As long as the college board refuse to acknowledge the importance of a lab exam, you can expect the continued reliance on the testing of lab situations on the ap chemistry exam via the inferior pencil and paper method that the multiplechoice and freeresponse questions offer. The flow of solvent from pure solvent or from solution of lower concentration into solution of higher concentration through a semipermeable membrane is called osmosis. Osmotic pressure follows a rule very similar to pvnrt. If a pressure higher than osmotic pressure is applied on the solution, the solvent will flow from the solution into the pure solvent through the semipermeable membrane.
Many colleges offer college credit for passing scores on the ap exam. For an object sitting on a surface, the force pressing on the surface is the weight of the object, but in different orientations it might have a different area in contact with the surface and therefore exert a different pressure. In a general chemistry book the chapters may get too wordy, but this book summarizes the concepts well without skipping anything. Significant figures on the ap chemistry exam adrian dingle. If you pour a saturated aqueous solution of potassium permanganate with the help of a thistle funnel into a beaker containing water, it forms a separate layer at the bottom. Lab situations on the ap chemistry exam adrian dingles. The pressure required to stop osmosis is called the osmotic pressure. Please take into account that this entire thing was written over the course of. Surveys of students who take the ap chemistry exam indicate that the probability of achieving a score of 3 or higher is significantly greater for students who successfully complete a first course in highschool. Ap chemistry laws, theories, and principles flashcards. Osmotic pressure is the pressure that needs to be applied to a solution to prevent the inward flow of water across a semipermeable membrane. Ap chemistry is a highly demanding high school course that is the academic equivalent of two semesters of general college chemistry lecture and lab. However, there was a unwritten and understood rule in place for many years, that a random question would be selected on the exam, where the rules regarding significant figures would be tested, and that only one point would be at stake across the whole ap exam.
How much glucose c 6 h 12 o 6 per liter should be used for an intravenous solution to match the 7. The ap chemistry curriculum framework is designed to provide educators with a first look at essential information needed to understand the design and intent of the revised ap chemistry course in advance of its implementation in schools in the 2014 academic. After studying chemical reactions and electrochemistry, students move on to understand how the chemical and physical properties of materials can be explained by the structure and arrangements of the molecules and the forces between those molecules. For most students, the course enables them to undertake, as a freshman, second year work in the chemistry sequence at their institution or to register in courses in other fields where general chemistry is a. P pressure t temperature t time v volume need to memorize avogadros number 6. The 2014 ap chemistry exam was the first administration of a redesigned test as a result of a redesigning of the ap chemistry course.
Ask your rep now about the 2017 ap advantage offer. This ap chemistry course is designed to be the equivalent of the general chemistry course usually taken during the first year of college. The basics periodicity solids and liquids gasses reactions stoichometry thermodynamics solutions acids and bases equilibrium electrochemistry nuclear chemistry organic chemistry. The outward osmotic flow of water from a cell containing an aqueous solution through a semipermeable. Founded in 1900, the association is composed of more than 4,700 schools, colleges, universities, and other. The college board and educational testing service ets are dedicated to the principle of equal opportunity, and their. However in this equation m represents the molarity of the solution. I used this book in ap chemistry alongside zumdahl 8th edition and the summaries of all chapters in this book are spot on. Physical chemistry 592 diffusion and osmosis just as a gas can diffuse into vacant space or another gas, a solute can diffuse from a solution into the pure solvent. One way to stop osmosis is to increase the hydrostatic pressure on the solution side of the membrane. Osmotic pressure remains relatively constant over the length of the capillary, but hydrostatic pressure drops sharply as it nears the venule end due to the initial loss of fluid volume.
Appendix petersons collegebycollege guide to ap credit and placement gives you the equivalent. Determine the value of the missing cell and press check answer. Mar 19, 2015 however, there was a unwritten and understood rule in place for many years, that a random question would be selected on the exam, where the rules regarding significant figures would be tested, and that only one point would be at stake across the whole ap exam. Thorpe has taught ap chemistry and gifted programs for over twentyfive years. Colloids look milky when light is passed through them tyndall effect suspensions settle if left long enough, and also look milky. The log of the pka will give you the ka, so take the log 6. Every aspect of ap course and exam development is the result of collaboration between ap teachers and college faculty. Authors acknowledgments i would like to thank my wife, patti, and my two daughters, krissi and erin, for their patience and understanding while i was writing this book.
Osmotic pressure problems chemistry colligative properties, osmosis duration. As such, youd better be able to handle those labbased questions. Michelle has overseen dozens of programs over the last 20 years, focusing on helping kids. Ap chemistry course overview the ap chemistry course provides students. This page is an exercise in osmotic pressure relationships. Ap biology for dummies, chemistry workbook for dummies, gre for dummies, precalculus workbook for dummies, and other books on selfesteem, writing, and motivational topics.
Other books in mcgrawhills 5 steps to a 5series include. The ap chemistry course is designed to be taken only after the successful completion of a first course in high school chemistry. Start studying ap chemistry laws, theories, and principles. Write your response in the space provided following each question. Some ap courses have a ton of content, some are conceptually difficult, but ap hem is both.